As discussions on nigerias development crisis continue to take an expanded dimension. At present, there are several di centers dotting the landscape of nigeria. Private print media was almost absent from the ghanaian media landscape until 1992, when the current constitution was enforced. Five years later, it would publish the countrys first newspaper known as iwe. The print media is referred to as the father of all. Even after the advent of electronic media like radio and television, the print media has not lost its charm or relevance. The press, radio, television and other agencies of the mass media shall at all times be free to uphold the fundamental objectives contained in this chapter and. Ayodele department of mass communication olabisi onabanjo university agoiwoye, ogun state nigeria nigerian youths and social media. For example, in south africa users of online social networks are more than twice as likely to go online daily 75% than other internet users 35%. Department of sociology, university of ibadan, ibadan. Chapter 1 overview of traditional media in sierra leone. The subsequent rise of broadcasting, and then the internet, have broadened and extended the market tremendously. There has been a dramatic shift in the media landscape.
The landscape of nigeria varies with mangrove forests and swamps bordering the southern coast, and hardwood forests further inland. As stated the size option comes from the css 3 draft specification. There are hundreds of thousands of traditional broadcast and print media outlets. The print media are not as frequently accessed as digital media. The chief limitations of journalistic excellence are the poor remuneration and the overlapping of journalism and politics often to the detriment of objectivity. The media landscape has been in constant metamorphosis. Academics in print media landscape in nigeria and conflict. Media like print media and electronic media plays a significant role in development communication of country. The study thus extensively describes the kenyan media landscape, with a view to demonstrating how it has and is continuing to be transformed by a variety of developments in the social economic set up of the kenyan society.
The development and influence of mass media in the. The mambilla plateau, the highest in the country, forms the area southeast of the. The nigerian media landscape is a changing climate. Modern advertising techniques use many ways to convey a message to the consumers. Prior to this, high quality printing was done abroad. There are various types of print media which help advertisers to target a particular segment of consumers. Furthermore, television as a news media arrived on the scene in 1959 with the western nigeria broadcasting service wnbs founded by the western nigeria government under the leadership of chief obafemi awolowo. The constitution of nigeria 1999 also followed the same trend of the colonial masters inspecifying a particular section justifying the media regulation in the country.
The influence of media ownership and control on media agenda setting in nigeria international journal of humanities social sciences and education ijhsse page 38 3. The niger and benue river valleys make up nigeria s most expansive region, merging into each other to form a distinctive y shape. Pdf the print media landscape in nigeria and reporting conflict. What started as a vehicle for social interaction and information dissemination later metamorphosed published at peoples and cultures of nigeria. The nigerian government took over complete control of the television and radio broadcasting in 1967. After a quick look at the south african media scene, the chapter analyzes print media newspapers, book publishing, magazine publishing, audiovisual media radio, broadcast television, multichannel tv platforms, video channels, film, telecommunications media wireline and wireless telecom, and internet media internet. Having been subject to weathering and erosion for long periods, the characteristic landscape of this area is extensive level plains interrupted by occasional granite mountains. This paper reflects on the problematic of tracking nigeria s 2015 presidential campaign expenditure from the angle of spending on print media adverts. Pdf the mass media and the challenges of sustainable.
The television house later became known as nigeria television ntv. Once dominated by print, radio and television, it is experiencing a disruption by digital platforms. I history and development of mass communications lauriethomas lee encyclopedia of life support systems eolss books are the oldest of the media, with the first known book written in egypt around 1400 b. This chapter describes media ownership and concentration in south africa. Print media, however, is one of the oldest forms of advertising. It is the sole accreditation authority for all media workers and journalists, media houses mainly print as well as handling complaints. The nature of the media landscape will largely determine the nuances of the role. Print media has the advantage of making a longer impact on. Aside the print media, the television stations have also played their part in the fight against corruption and in the defense of democracy. The current working draft for css3 paged media module does specify it but this is not standard or accepted. Beyond the print media, radio was a prominent media platform and helped to rally the people during the colonial era. Law of contempt, law of defamation, law ofpublication, national broadcasting commission act, and so on. Furthermore, the chapter was organized in a number of rubrics.
Much of nigeria s surface consists of ancient crystalline rocks of the african shield. Access to media is also determined by geographic location and gender see figure 1. Media ownership and concentration in south africa oxford. Afolabi 2008 in his analysis of the effect of technology on the print media industry in nigeria notes that technological changes in the industry have been spurred by print buyers demand for high quality colour reproduction, shorter print runs and shrinking production cycle times. Japans information media market began to assume its modern form with the advance of print media in the late 19th century. This paper analyzes the role of communication medianews sources towards sustainable governance in an. The role of the print media during the apartheid era compiled by edward bird and zureida garda aim the aim of this study is to examine the role of the print media during the apartheid era.
Tracking political advertorials for 2015 presidential electioneering campaigns in nigeria from the print media by tunde salman1 abstract. Pdf the print media landscape in nigeria and reporting. Planet press in lagos pioneered the cutting edge technology. This methodology was the original work of the friedrichebertstiftung southern african media project working. The article notes also the development of the print media from purely educational publications to publications aimed at the popularization of national identity. See below the history of nigeria mass media the nigerian mass media started out with the publication of iwe iroyin. History of print media in nigeria linkedin slideshare. The word media comes from the plural of the latin word medium, and it is used as a collective noun to refer to television, radio, newspapers, magazines, films, the international network internet, etc. Nnamdi azikwe the publisher of the west african pilot newspaper in 1937 that. During 2015, indian print media not only registered an absolute and significant growth in the number of publications, but also a substantial increase in circulation table 1.
Nigerian media landscape as its presence is mostly felt by the traditional media. Compare and contrast print media and broadcast media answers. Audit bureau of circulations issued a press release on may 8, 2017 highlighting the growth of print media. Access to traditional media radio, tv and print varies greatly in sierra leone. Using nigeria and uganda as examples, this chapter explores press freedom and socioeconomic issues in a democratic media landscape.
A strong characteristic of all state propaganda is its ability, as ideology, to legitimise and validate itself. The media landscape in africa scaleup africa africa business angel forum russell southwood, ceo, balancing act 2. Print media and the challenges of social media international. Nigeria has traditionally had an extensive and diverse media landscape, and the mediumterm potential for growth and development in the sector remains strong. The report describes the conditions under which the media fraternity. In an analytical pattern of conflict reporting in the nigerian print media, the paper argues that the implications of the print media content focus on the elites and its urbancenteredness. A media arts student, university of abuja, gwagwalada, nigeria, mobile.
In the decades of 1960s through the 1980s, it was remarkable that serious newspaper. History of nigerian mass media today nigerian guide. The print media can be accessed only by readers literacy needed 1. Once dominated by print, radio and television, the nigerian media landscape is now experiencing a disruption by digital platforms.
The print media is accessed by elderly group on an average 2. The print media is referred to as the father of all because it beget all others and was the pioneer of the nigerian mass media. Nigerias media landcape undergoes rapid change nigeria. Internet users who use social media are likely to be more active online. Print media and broadcast media perform very important functions in todays world. The influence of the nature and structure of the nigerian print media landscape faults the ideal role and performance of the print media in conflict reporting. The media council is a creation of the media practitioners act mpa of 2008. Since the emergence of di in 2001, such high quality printing is now done in nigeria. The influence of media ownership and control on media. Stateowned media from colonialism the cornerstones of the media landscape as we know it today were laid during colonial times.
State of the media in zambia 5 the state of the media report is a quarterly assessment of the media environment in zambia. Pdf the influence of the nature and structure of the nigerian print media landscape faults the ideal role and performance of the print media in. In zimbabwe there is the zimbabwe broadcasting corporation, malawi has malawi broadcasting corporation, namibia broadcasting corporation nbc and botswana has botswana broadcasting corporation bbc. Overview of the ghanaian media landscape the same society that voted for the freedoms of the media is speaking out loud today that journalists have to be held in check. The media, development communication, and governance in nigeria. Newspapers published in nigeria have a strong tradition of the principle of publish and be damned that dates back to the colonial era when founding fathers of the nigerian press such as nnamdi azikiwe, ernest ikoli, obafemi awolowo and lateef jakande used their papers to fight for independence until the 1990s, most publications were governmentowned, but private papers such as the daily. What particular role has it fulfilled since it was set up. As in other countries, japans traditional media industries have been struggling to cope with the. State ownership electronic media television and radio are mostly operated on a public level. Presently however, the electronic and print media in nigeria appear to. It also remains to be one of the most popular forms because it can reach a wider target audience. There has been a dramatic shift in the business landscape on the continent since we started. Henry townsend, a presbyterian church missionary, established the first printing press in nigeria.
The history of mass media development in nigeria is chequered and phasic in nature. This edition of the report covers the third quarter of 2016. The mass media and the struggle for democracy in africa. It was learnt that the nigerian newspapers that were available then contributed greatly to the achievement of nigeria s independence from.
Print media and broadcast media supply us with information that we would otherwise not get access to. Brown envelope journalism in nigeria is a practice whereby monetary inducement is given to journalists to make them write a positive story or kill a negative story. Different laws regulating themass media in nigeria include law of sedition. View academics in print media landscape in nigeria and conflict reporting on academia. Media ownership patterns the ownership of the mass media namely. A brief walk into the origin of local print media pulse. Selfregulation press council of botswana the media in botswana also practices industry led selfregulation through the press. Books were not reproduced for the masses, however, until the invention of. The name is derived from cash inducements hidden in brown envelopes and given to journalists during press briefings. They both supply us information, which range from the latest news updates to the latest commodities on the market.
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